Showing posts with label Trends. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Trends. Show all posts

Wednesday, February 8, 2012

Glass Of The Near Future: Gorilla Glass



INNOVATING WITH GORILLA


Corning® Gorilla® Glass’s unique combination of beauty and toughness is creating exciting new possibilities for electronic devices.
Gorilla Glass features exceptional damage resistance to the scratches, drops, and bumps of everyday use. It's cool to the touch, and cleans easily – making it the perfect solution for sleek, seamless designs. And it’s sensitive enough to enable today’s most sophisticated touch applications.



NEW CORNING GORILLA GLASS 2

New Corning® Gorilla® Glass 2 is now up to 20 percent thinner, enabling slimmer devices, better touch responsiveness, and brighter images without sacrificing the damage resistance consumers demand. The result is superior design flexibility for electronics manufacturers as they develop high performing, touch sensitive, and durable mobile devices.

CHARACTERISTICS

Corning® Gorilla® Glass provides exceptional performance and protection, with distinct advantages over other materials.
Damage resistance: Gorilla Glass is chemically strengthened through an ion-exchange process that creates a deep compression layer on the surface of the glass substrate. This layer acts as “armor” to reduce the introduction of flaws by end users.
Thinner form factor: Depending on application and manufacturer specifications, Gorilla Glass can be produced in thicknesses ranging from 0.5 mm to 2 mm. Even at 0.5 mm, Gorilla Glass retains a performance advantage over other cover materials.
Unparalleled surface quality: Corning’s proprietary fusion process gives Gorilla Glass the same superior surface as all of our high-technology display substrates. This extraordinarily precise, highly automated process produces glass with exceptionally clean, smooth, flat surfaces and outstanding optical clarity.
Compliance with environmental standards: Gorilla Glass is compliant with the Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS).
Compatibility with touch screens: Gorilla Glass is an ideal cover sheet for touch screens. It’s tough enough to handle the surface pressures intrinsic to these devices, and exceptionally thin to enable more sensitive and accurate responses.
Easy-to-clean, wear-resistant coating: Customers can request Gorilla Glass with a special coating, making it easier to clean than other cover glasses – a perfect feature for touch devices
The unique composition of Gorilla Glass creates a much deeper compression layer than other strengthened glasses. 

CUSTOMIZATION

Corning® Gorilla® Glass offers customization options to suit your applications.

Easy-to-clean

Fingerprints and smudges can be a problem with touch devices, but Gorilla Glass offers a coating that is easier to clean than other cover glasses – perfect for touch screens and handhelds.

Printing on glass



The ability to print directly on Gorilla Glass creates exciting options for customization and branding. Customers can personalize their high-end display devices with a brilliant, full-color spectrum and a state-of-the-art printing process.

APPLICATIONS

Gorilla Glass is an ideal cover glass for the most innovative electronic devices, from smartphones to slates to TVs. Many companies have not only integrated the glass, but designed for it. More »

Solar startups set new power records



by Martin LaMonica February 6, 2012 7:22 AM PST


Scientist Keith Emery checks out at a prototype Semprius solar concentrator at NREL's testing lab. Inside each square is a solar cell sized the diameter of a dot made by a ball point pen.(Credit: National Renewable Energy Laboratory)

If solar startups Alta Devices and Semprius were in the server business, one would be developing a deluxe high-powered server while the other would be stringing thousands of Linux boxes together. Both approaches, though, are showing promise at bringing the cost of solar power down.

Alta Devices today said it set the record for the most efficient solar cell, able to convert 23.5 percent of sunlight into electricity. The University of California at Berkeley spin-out said the efficiency mark, verified by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, is a step toward commercializing its novel solar technology.

The company is making solar cells from gallium arsenide, a very efficient material typically used on high-end concentrating photovoltaic collectors or solar panels in space. The difference is that Alta Devices has developed a manufacturing technique to make extremely thin cells only one micron thick. A strand of human hair is about 40 microns to 50 microns wide.

By creating very thin solar cell slices, Alta Devices expects it can make solar panels cheaperthan traditional silicon cells or other thin-film technologies. Gallium arsenide also generates electricity well at very high temperatures or low light, which improves its year-round performance.

"Our goal is to optimize the production economics of solar so that it is competitive with fossil fuels without subsidies, leading to broad adoption of solar generated electricity," Alta Devices president Christopher Norris said in a statement.

Last summer, the company came out of stealth mode by presenting a technical paper at a photovoltaic conference that predicted improving performance over time as high as 28 percent. The industry-leading polycrystalline silicon panels have efficiency of 20 percent or more while commercial thin-film cadmium telluride or CIGS cells are closer to 12 percent.

Boosting the efficiency of individual solar cells, which are wired together and assembled into a solar panel, is one of the most important levers manufacturers have for lowering the cost of solar power.

But another solar startup, Semprius, is taking a completely different tack with a design that uses thousands of dot-size solar cells in a collector that concentrates sunlight.

The company last week said that its solar modules, or panels, were tested at converting 33.9 percent of sunlight to electricity. Semprius was able to get that module-level performance with a combination of optics to concentrate light and a low-cost manufacturing solar cell printing process.

Solar "microcells" the size of a pencil point are stamped onto a substrate using a robotic production process in three layers. Then lenses concentrate light 1,000 times onto the gallium arsenide cells.

Solar concentrators such as these work in very sunny areas, such as deserts, and use mounting systems that track the sun during the course of the day to optimize the light angle. Energy giant Siemens last year invested in Semprius, which will aid the company in getting its products to market as banks are typically reluctant to finance new energy technologies. It expects to start manufacturing its solar collectors, aimed at solar energy project developers, in a North Carolina pilot plant in the second half of this year.

Updated at 11:42 a.m. PT with clarification on silicon cell efficiency.

The Human-Machine Interface: Neuroscience, conflict and security


07 February 2012

Professor Rod Flower FRS talks about the report.

Professor Rod Flower FRS talks about the report.

This report considers some of the potential military and law enforcement applications arising from key advances in neuroscience.
Key findings
Neuroscientists have a responsibility to be aware from an early stage of their training that knowledge and technologies used for beneficial purposes can also be misused for harmful purposes.
The development of an absolutely safe incapacitating chemical weapon is not technically feasible because of inherent variables such as the size, health and age of the target population, secondary injury and the requirement for medical aftercare.
Countries adhering to the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) should address the definition and status of incapacitating chemical weapons under the CWC at the next Review Conference in 2013.

Neuroscience is a rapidly advancing field encompassing a range of applications and technologies that are likely to provide significant benefits to society, particularly in the treatment of neurological impairment, disease, and psychiatric illness. However, this new knowledge also suggests a number of potential military and law enforcement applications.

These applications tend to serve one of two main goals. Performance enhancing applications seek to improve the efficiency of one’s own forces – for example by optimising recruitment, training and operational performance or improving treatments for rehabilitation. Performance degrading applications seek to diminish the performance of one’s enemy – for example through the development of weapons such as incapacitating chemicals.

The report considers some of the key advances in neuroscience, including neuropharmacology, functional neuroimaging and neural interface systems, which could impact upon these developments and the policy implications for the international community, the UK government and the scientific community

Source:http://royalsociety.org/policy/projects/brain-waves/



Project details

This project is investigating developments in neuroscience and their implications for society and public policy.

Increasing understanding of the brain and associated advances in technologies to study it will enable improved treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and mental illnesses. These advances will also increase our insights into normal human behaviour and mental wellbeing, and give the possibility of other enhancement, manipulation, and even degradation of brain function.

These developments are likely to provide significant benefits for society, and they will also raise major social and ethical issues due to wide ranging applications. Brain research is likely to have implications for a diverse range of public policy areas such as health, education, law, and security. Progress in neuroscience raises questions about personality, identity, responsibility, and liberty.

The Brain Waves project explores the potential and the limitations of neuroscience insights for policymaking, as well as the benefits and the risks posed by applications of neuroscience and neurotechnologies.

Neuroscience could mean soldiers controlling weapons with minds:
Neuroscience breakthroughs could be harnessed by military and law enforcers, says Royal Society report

Ian Sample, science correspondent
The Guardian, Monday 6 February 2012


Medevac troops from the American 451st air expeditionary wing look out from their Pavehawk helicopter while heading to pick up casualties in Kandahar, Afghanistan. Photograph: Sean Smith for the Guardian


Soldiers could have their minds plugged directly into weapons systems, undergo brain scans during recruitment and take courses of neural stimulation to boost their learning, if the armed forces embrace the latest developments in neuroscience to hone the performance of their troops.

These scenarios are described in a report into the military and law enforcement uses of neuroscience, published on Tuesday, which also highlights a raft of legal and ethical concerns that innovations in the field may bring.

The report by the Royal Society, the UK's national academy of science, says that while the rapid advance of neuroscience is expected to benefit society and improve treatments for brain disease and mental illness, it also has substantial security applications that should be carefully analysed.

The report's authors also anticipate new designer drugs that boost performance, make captives more talkative and make enemy troops fall asleep.

"Neuroscience will have more of an impact in the future," said Rod Flower, chair of the report's working group.

"People can see a lot of possibilities, but so far very few have made their way through to actual use.

"All leaps forward start out this way. You have a groundswell of ideas and suddenly you get a step change."

The authors argue that while hostile uses of neuroscience and related technologies are ever more likely, scientists remain almost oblivious to the dual uses of their research.

The report calls for a fresh effort to educate neuroscientists about such uses of the work early in their careers.

Some techniques used widely in neuroscience are on the brink of being adopted by the military to improve the training of soldiers, pilots and other personnel.

A growing body of research suggests that passing weak electrical signals through the skull, using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), can improve people's performance in some tasks.

One study cited by the report described how US neuroscientists employed tDCS to improve people's ability to spot roadside bombs, snipers and other hidden threats in a virtual reality training programme used by US troops bound for the Middle East.

"Those who had tDCS learned to spot the targets much quicker," said Vince Clark, a cognitive neuroscientist and lead author on the study at the University of New Mexico. "Their accuracy increased twice as fast as those who had minimal brain stimulation. I was shocked that the effect was so large."

Clark, whose wider research on tDCS could lead to radical therapies for those with dementia, psychiatric disorders and learning difficulties, admits to a tension in knowing that neuroscience will be used by the military.

"As a scientist I dislike that someone might be hurt by my work. I want to reduce suffering, to make the world a better place, but there are people in the world with different intentions, and I don't know how to deal with that.

"If I stop my work, the people who might be helped won't be helped. Almost any technology has a defence application."

Research with tDCS is in its infancy, but work so far suggests it might help people by boosting their attention and memory. According to theRoyal Society report, when used with brain imaging systems, tDCS "may prove to be the much sought-after tool to enhance learning in a military context".

One of the report's most striking scenarios involves the use of devices called brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) to connect people's brains directly to military technology, including drones and other weapons systems.

The work builds on research that has enabled people to control cursors and artificial limbs through BMIs that read their brain signals.

"Since the human brain can process images, such as targets, much faster than the subject is consciously aware of, a neurally interfaced weapons system could provide significant advantages over other system control methods in terms of speed and accuracy," the report states.

The authors go on to stress the ethical and legal concerns that surround the use of BMIs by the military. Flower, a professor of pharmacology at the William Harvey Research Institute at Barts and the London hospital, said: "If you are controlling a drone and you shoot the wrong target or bomb a wedding party, who is responsible for that action? Is it you or the BMI?

"There's a blurring of the line between individual responsibility and the functioning of the machine. Where do you stop and the machine begin?"

Another tool expected to enter military use is the EEG (electroencephalogram), which uses a hairnet of electrodes to record brainwaves through the skull. Used with a system called "neurofeedback", people can learn to control their brainwaves and improve their skills.

According to the report, the technique has been shown to improve training in golfers and archers.

The US military research organisation, Darpa, has already used EEG to help spot targets in satellite images that were missed by the person screening them. The EEG traces revealed that the brain sometimes noticed targets but failed to make them conscious thoughts. Staff used the EEG traces to select a group of images for closer inspection and improved their target detection threefold, the report notes.

Work on brain connectivity has already raised the prospect of using scans to select fast learners during recruitment drives.

Research last year by Scott Grafton at the University of California, Santa Barbara, drew on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans to measure the flexibility of brain networks. They found that a person's flexibility helped predict how quickly they would learn a new task.

Other studies suggest neuroscience could help distinguish risk-takers from more conservative decision-makers, and so help with assessments of whether they are better suited to peacekeeping missions or special forces, the report states.

"Informal assessment occurs routinely throughout the military community. The issue is whether adopting more formal techniques based on the results of research in neuroeconomics, neuropsychology and other neuroscience disciplines confers an advantage in decision-making."


Source:http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2012/feb/07/neuroscience-soldiers-control-weapons-mind





MILITARY
Future wars may be waged with mind-controlled weaponry, Royal Society warns
By James Holloway

07:15 February 7, 2012




A report published by the Royal Society warns the neuroscience community to be aware of the military ramifications of its research, including the potential for mind-controlled weaponry (Image: Patrick Hoesly)

Neuroscience has ramifications for future warfare, and the scientific community must be more aware. So says a report published today by the Royal Society titledNeuroscience, conflict and security, which cites interest in neuroscience from the military community, and identifies particular technologies that may arise. Among them is the potential for "neural interface systems" (NIS) to bring about weapons controllable by the human mind, though the reports also discusses more benign military applications of neuroscience, such as fostering a revolution in prosthetic limbs.
Brain-controlled technology

The report distinguishes between two types of neural interface: those that "input into" the brain's neural systems, and those that monitor neural activity to predict "motor intentions" - outcomes of thought processes, essentially. Specific NIS technologies mentioned by the report include both EEG and electronic implants, citing the success of BrainGate in allowing paralyzed patients to control the motion of an on-screen cursor by "simply imagining this motion."

"NIS such as BrainGate could also be used to allow long-range control of motion," the report finds. "Electrode arrays implanted in the nervous system could provide a connection between the nervous system of an able-bodied individual and a specific hardware or software system. Since the human brain can process images, such as targets, much faster than the subject is consciously aware of, a neurally interfaced weapons systems could provide significant advantages over other system control methods in terms of speed and accuracy."
Sensing the battlefield

The report also discusses the sensory potential of NIS technology. Infrared or sonar sensors connected to magnetic implants on the human body could allow combatants and law enforcers to effectively feel the heat or proximity of an object. On these points and others, the report highlights not only technological possibilities, but also that ethical and legal questions that surround them.
Military interest

The report highlights a wealth of current search and available funding from various US and UK government agencies into neuroscience applications. DARPA is funding programs seeking to enhance human performance under stress, and neural-controlled prosthetics. The US Air Force 711th Human Performance Wing invites research into alertness management, as well as the identification of "human-borne threats" and individuals resistant to "stressors and countermeasures on cognitive performance and physiological stamina." Meanwhile the UK Ministry of Defence has launched a national PhD which includes bio-electronics integration, synthetic synaesthesia and exploiting the subconscious.

By identifying active military research into neuroscience, the Royal Society paints a future of warfare influenced by neuroscience applications as a very real possibility. As well as neuroscience's massive potential for benign medical applications, the Royal Society is seeking to raise awareness among the scientific community of "hostile" applications.
Recommendations

"Studies suggest that the great majority of scientists have little to no knowledge of their obligations under these treaties, nor a wide awareness of the potential malign applications of their research," the report concludes, before recommending that the UK government should strengthen communications with industry and academia to "scope for significant future trends and threats posed by the applications of neuroscience."

The full report and its set of recommendations is available from the Royal Society website. Report chair, Professor Rod Flower FRS, summarizes the report in the following video.

Source: Royal Society via the Guardian


Tuesday, February 7, 2012

Smaller Schools = Better Schools ?

City Students at Small Public High Schools Are More Likely to Graduate, Study Says
By WINNIE HU
Published: January 25, 2012

New York City teenagers attending small public high schools with about 100 students per grade were more likely to graduate than their counterparts at larger schools, according to new findings from a continuing study released on Wednesday night.




The findings are part of a study that tracked the academic performance of more than 21,000 students who applied for ninth grade admission at 105 small high schools, mainly in Brooklyn and in the Bronx, from 2005 to 2008. The study appeared to validate the Bloomberg administration’s decade-long push to create small schools to replace larger, failing high schools.

Of the students studied, about 40 percent were admitted by lottery to the small schools, and 60 percent attended other high schools.

The $3.5 million study — one of the largest and most comprehensive reviews of the impact of small schools on learning — is being financed by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and conducted by MDRC, a nonprofit education research group based in Manhattan.

The latest findings show that 67.9 percent of the students who entered small high schools in 2005 and 2006 graduated four years later, compared with 59.3 percent of the students who were not admitted and instead went to larger schools. The higher graduation rate at small schools held across the board for all students, regardless of race, family income or scores on the state’s eighth-grade math and reading tests, according to the data.

This increase was almost entirely accounted for by a rise in Regents diplomas, which are considered more rigorous than a local diploma; 41.5 percent of the students at small schools received one, compared with 34.9 percent of students at other schools. There was little difference between the two groups in the percentage of students who earned a local diploma or the still more rigorous Advanced Regents diploma.

Small-school students also showed more evidence of college readiness, with 37.3 percent of the students earning a score of 75 or higher on the English Regents, compared with 29.7 percent of students at other schools. There was no significant difference, however, in scores on the math Regents.

The Bloomberg administration has advocated for nearly a decade for small schools to replace larger, failing high schools, a strategy that was initially supported by the teachers’ union. In recent years, though, union leaders have contended that the city was shifting its most disadvantaged students into the larger high schools to ensure the success of the small schools.

Schools Chancellor Dennis M. Walcott saw encouragement in the numbers.

“This study shows conclusively that our new small high schools changed thousands of lives in New York City, across every race, gender and ethnicity — not only helping them graduate, but graduate ready for college,” Mr. Walcott said. “When we see a strategy with this kind of success, we owe it to our families to continue pursuing it aggressively.”

But Michael Mulgrew, president of the United Federation of Teachers, questioned whether there were other factors that might explain the higher graduation rate in the small schools, like fewer special education students or better attendance records for those entering the small schools, since attendance rates have been shown to be an indicator of on-time graduation.

“I’m very happy for any school that is graduating students,” Mr. Mulgrew said. “But a study that is trying to say that one particular type of school is better than the other without looking at all the relevant factors is disingenuous.”

Gordon Berlin, president of MDRC, said the lottery process ensured that there were comparable numbers of special education students and English-language learners represented in both groups of students being tracked. He said attendance records for the students prior to high school were also comparable, and would not have affected the results.

Mr. Berlin and Howard Bloom, a co-author of the study, said that New York’s small schools were unusual because they were created from scratch rather than by reconfiguring existing schools. They said that these small schools tended to have common traits, including a rigorous curriculum, often built around themes like conservation and law, and highly personalized relationships between students and teachers.

The schools have also formed partnerships with community groups and businesses to offer hands-on learning experiences, like building an oyster bed in New York Harbor (at the Urban Assembly New York Harbor School on Governors Island) and participating in a moot court case at Cravath Swaine & Moore (at the Urban Assembly School for Law and Justice in Downtown Brooklyn).

“It’s certainly not just size,” Mr. Bloom said. “It’s how the size is used. These schools were organized from the ground up in ways that would be extraordinarily unusual.”

Richard Kahan, founder and chief executive officer of the Urban Assembly, a network of 20 small high schools and middle schools in the city, said he knew that students were doing better in small schools than large schools, but was still surprised by how positive the results were in the study.

“I wouldn’t even dream of getting these results if these schools weren’t small and structured the way they are,” he said.

Tuesday, January 3, 2012

The Big Little Book of Nexts: Trendspotting for 2012


The Big Little Book of Nexts: Trendspotting for 2012


November 2011


What will make the world tick in 2012? And might that ticking sound more like a patient, plodding grandfather clock or a time bomb? According to Marian Salzman, it depends on whom you ask. Salzman, CEO of Euro RSCG Worldwide PR, North America, and one of the top five trendspotters in the world, digs deep to look for social patterns, then applies everything to where the future is headed, in cultural, political, technological and economic matters. For 2012, Salzman has created her biggest annual trends report ever, with more than 150 trends sighted in 32 categories, from Asia and Modern Life to Color and Grooming. Here is just a peek at what’s in this year’s report, which you can download with the button below:  (PDF@:  http://eurorscgpr.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Trends2012_PR_FIN.pdf)

  • The U.S. State of Mind. Politics will reach a boiling point with more protests, most likely organized and cross-promoted on social media.
  • Re-feathering the Empty Nest. Recent college grads, the biggest casualty of the dire job market, look for Mom and Dad to come to the rescue. Likewise, seniors will choose to move in with their grown children.
  • Double-Dip Frugality. Look for 2012 to be the year of essentials only. Pop-up stores will continue to soothe by offering one-off items without the sticker shock, and brands will look to co-produce products and lines.
  • Be Private, Be Present. Experiencing full-blown information overload, many will rediscover their need for privacy. We will still expect our leaders and businesses to be transparent, but in our personal lives look for a retreat en masse from TMI.



    Big in 2012: Trend-watchers tells us what to expect

    nj.com

    Big in 2012: Trend-watchers tells us what to expect

    Published: Tuesday, January 03, 2012, 8:02 AM
    Amy Kuperinsky/The Star-Ledger 
    icloud.JPGSteve Jobs introduced iCloud in June. Trend-watchers say we'll live in digital clouds, more than ever before.
    Out: Human interaction.
    In: Saying you want to get together, but not actually doing it.
    Out: High-fructose corn syrup.
    In: Good ol' honey.
    Out: Spending large on your wardrobe.
    In: Going shopping, in your wardrobe.
    So say two professional trend-spotters, at least.
    Marian Salzman, president of the North American division of the public relations firm Euro RSCG Worldwide, has been spotting trends for 15 years. Her annual trends forecast is called "The Big Little Book of Nexts."
    Ann Mack, director of trend-spotting at the advertising firm JWT, issued her seventh report on trends last month.
    Here's what they say will transpire in 2012.
    The rise of fiction
    "Real life has been so much more real than reality TV," says Salzman. "We've been through a really traumatic year," she says, even if that has meant saying goodbye to some of the most reviled world leaders. Look for the rise of "curated drama," she says. Instead of finding solace in the antics of "Real Housewives," for example, we'll look for escape in "well-designed television programming," meaning shows that are scripted, not documented, she says.
    honey-bee.JPGThey'll be working hard for us in 2012
    Honey and mushrooms
    When corn syrup got a whole lot of negative press, people were looking for ways to sweeten healthfully, or at least naturally.
    "If you can provide an alternative to that and call it 'natural,' good for you," says Mack. Honey, undeniably natural but also exceedingly saccharine, will be a big sweetener in 2012, she says. And not just in food but also in cough remedies and over-the-counter medicines. Mushrooms, too, fit the bill for something good-tasting that isn't so bad for you, she says, and are even, possibly, immunity boosters. Calling edible fungi "the next big thing in functional foods," Mack says to look out for a wide variety, including pricey truffles.
    Buying local
    The Year of the Dragon will also be the year of the locavore, says Salzman, locavorism being the pursuit of locally produced food.
    "It's really going through the stratosphere," she says. "Local pies, local cheeses, the more local the better." Why? "It's a sense of control," says Salzman. The idea that we know the place a food is made, so it's therefore extra consumable. Which would make food grown in your backyard extra desirable, right? If only we weren't stuck in a cloud ...
    Cloud life 
    "I think we're going to live our lives in a cloud," says Salzman. That cloud involves us, our mobile digital accessories ("Everybody's going to have a tablet. You might even have more than one," says Salzman) and a sense that we'd like to think we want to see more people in person, but really don't want to. When you're living "in 140 characters or less," social intimacy -- meaning actual face-to-face conversation -- "just feels like more work," says Salzman. "We'd rather read it than say it."
    james-franco-seth-rogen-marriage.JPGStrong women, slacker men?
    Inhaling
    No, not that kind. The kind of inhaling that allows you to smell your flavors instead of eating them. If you're into that.
    Mack points to Le Whif, a calorie-free "chocolate experience," and Breathable Foods' AeroShot Pure Energy, an inhaler that contains a mix of caffeine and B vitamins.
    A new American Dream
    The old vision of success is changing, says Salzman. It's going to mean not everyone will think college is the way to get there, especially considering the crippling impact of student loans.
    "The student loan crisis is going to be the biggest crisis in the world," she says. This gives old benchmarks -- earning a degree, buying a home -- a new context. Salzman says many more people will be asking if they really need those thing to get by, or can they achieve whatever it is they consider their dreams in other ways.
    Marriage
    College isn't the only part of American life in flux. Marriage is also being seen more as an option than a necessity, says Mack.
    "The reason why women are opting out of marriage is because they are gaining in education," she says, with women earning the most bachelor's and master's degrees. "Motherhood is now untethered from marriage." Just look at a Judd Apatow movie, she says: Men are portrayed as slackers while women are the ones in control.
    Self-diagnosis, alternative treatment
    Eating all that locally produced food, tapping away on our tablets also has us gaining weight and getting sick.
    flapper.JPGA Diane von Furstenberg crystal beaded flapper dress from 2003. Will Depression chic make a return?
    "We're more inside, more than ever before," says Salzman. And usually not on the treadmill. "We're exercising our jaws talking about exercise." So we're also apt to be Googling our ailments.
    "If you suffer from epilepsy, if you suffer from a sprained wrist, you can do all of the medical research," says Salzman. "It's made us much more willing to embrace (the) homeopathic," says Salzman.
    Catering to maturity
    "Someone who's 65 may live two, three, four decades after that," says Mack. "The sky's the limit for them, as long as they can afford it."
    So it makes sense that technology should adjust to maturity instead of just paying lip service to youth, what Mack calls "retooling for an aging world." GlassesOff is a good example, she says. The forthcoming digital program aims to actually treat the blurry vision of presbyopia via the screens that would normally strain our eyes.
    Indulgence penalties
    Mack says it's telling that in Hungary and Denmark there have been taxes on foods high in fat, salt and sugar, as well as on soda and alcohol, with legislation pending in Australia and the U.K. Americans have balked at attempts to control their diets and snacking, but expect more policing in the world at large, she says.
    "You can't ignore our growing waistlines," says Mack. "Which can be a huge cost on the government."
    Depression chic
    Faced with a lack of leisure funds, grads saddled with overwhelming loan payments and many others with little extra wiggle room in their budgets will be "curating their closets," says Salzman. This means there will be a reliance on classic wardrobe staples and a pushback against buying novelties, she says. At the same time, "Depression chic" will become popular, she says. That doesn't mean wearing torn-up burlap sacks, but it does involve flapper dresses and "loud, exciting scarves."
    indulgence.JPGWe might get taxed on junk food, but we'll want to reach for a sweet reward every now and then.
    Small delights
    Even though we know we have to cut down (and so do companies like Kraft that will start selling a five-pack of gum for 50 cents) we're also "fatigued by all these austerity measures," says Mack. Sick of saving, we'll want to indulge in small ways.
    The evidence is there, she says, noting that nail polish sales were up 54 percent this year. And even if we're not polish users, instead of paying for a gourmet meal we might just buy the ingredients to make it at home, she says.
    Follow Amy Kuperinsky on Twitter @AmyKup
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